PEG-MGF (PEGylated Mechano Growth Factor) is a synthetic, stabilized form of the 24-amino acid MGF E-domain peptide derived from the IGF-1Ec splice variant. Research shows it activates satellite cells, promotes myoblast proliferation via MAPK-ERK1/2 signaling, and demonstrates neuroprotective effects through PKCε/Nrf2/HO-1 pathways.
Nonsteroidal SARM: Benzonitrile-oxadiazole scaffold with AR binding Ki 7 nM (comparable to DHT 10 nM), first described 2011, tissue-selective levator ani vs. prostate activity, oral bioavailability 27-75%
Clinical Development: Phase 1 ER+/HER2- breast cancer (MTD 100 mg/day, t½ 44.7 hours), active Phase 1/2 trial (NCT05573126, Ellipses Pharma EP0062), discontinued for sarcopenia indications
Safety Warnings: Dose-limiting hepatotoxicity (AST 59.1%, ALT 45.5%), cholestatic liver injury case reports, cardiotoxicity (myocarditis/myopericarditis), HPG axis suppression, WADA prohibited S1.2, not approved for medical use