Oral semaglutide is a 31-amino acid GLP-1 receptor agonist with engineered modifications (Aib8, C-18 fatty di-acid, Lys34Arg) enabling oral bioavailability via SNAC absorption enhancement technology. Research demonstrates glycemic control comparable to injectable GLP-1 agonists with 15.1% weight loss (50mg dose, OASIS-1 trial).